$70,770
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
Verified career profile
Study the origin, development, and behavior of human beings. May study the way of life, language, or physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. May engage in systematic recovery and examination of material evidence, such as tools or pottery remaining from past human cultures, in order to determine the history, customs, and living habits of earlier civilizations.
$70,770
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
6%
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
0.8k
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
8,990
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
01 · Compensation
National estimates are shown with the reference year from the BLS source row. Missing source values stay visible as Not available.
$70,770
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$75,620
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$34.02
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$36.35
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$49,050
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$59,400
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$89,670
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
$108,060
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
8,990
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3091
02 · Outlook
BLS projections describe the national occupation outlook across the published projection period.
6%
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
0.8k
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
Projection period: 2025-2035
Annual openings are reported in thousands in the BLS source.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
03 · Preparation
These are the typical preparation categories reported for the occupation, not a guarantee of any individual employer's requirements.
Master's degree
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
Not available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
Not available
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3091
04 · Work context
O*NET context measures use their source scale identifier and a documented relative bar. A higher bar means more of the named construct, not a universal improvement.
Relative scale: 75% · raw 4 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 68% · raw 3.7 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 40% · raw 2.58 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 26% · raw 2.05 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 10% · raw 1.42 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 9% · raw 1.35 · CX
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
05 · Fit signals
These measurements describe skills and work-style characteristics associated with the occupation in O*NET.
Relative scale: 71% · raw 5 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 71% · raw 5 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 68% · raw 4.75 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 68% · raw 4.75 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 63% · raw 4.38 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 61% · raw 4.25 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 55% · raw 3.88 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 52% · raw 3.62 · LV
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 83% · raw 1.98 · WI
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 86% · raw 2.14 · WI
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 67% · raw 1.02 · WI
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
Relative scale: 81% · raw 1.84 · WI
Source: O*NET Resource Center · O*NET Database
Release: 31.0 · Reference/year: August 2026 · Occupation code: 19-3091.00
06 · Evidence
Every displayed value retains the dataset release, reference period, and occupation code used to publish it.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Release May 2025 · Reference 2025
Occupation code 19-3091 · SHA-256 b5855a37f3e03e779f6fbf173d3bbc94aeeff33426aef32fa95ce6d025bab1af
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Release 2025-2035 · Reference 2025-2035
Occupation code 19-3091 · SHA-256 a7d060f0576f7d4f5b829b9a0bb4a6c11a12766d159ebb0e07aab5bd2e7583c5
O*NET Resource Center
Release 31.0 · Reference August 2026
Occupation code 19-3091.00 · SHA-256 c63ad00a8e45f3d3ef8e1529fcf8864d2279f2dfcb98737436818f5664781b04
Move from this profile into a comparison, a focused career guide, or the evidence behind the published record.
Compare careers
Anthropologists and Archeologists vs Political Scientists
Open comparisonExplore career guides
Browse by education, growth, or annual openings.
Open guidesRead methodology
See how source records are joined and presented.
View methodologyInspect data sources
Open publisher documentation and release context.
View sourcesStart with selected career alternatives, then explore occupations with related work and skill profiles. Entry requirements may differ.
Verified career
Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. May study topics, such as public opinion, political decisionmaking, and ideology. May analyze the structure and operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, analyze election results, or analyze public documents.
Median pay
$142,080
Source: Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3094
Growth
-2%
Source: Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3094
Verified career
Apply principles of psychology to human resources, administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; employee testing and selection, training, and development; and organizational development and analysis. May work with management to organize the work setting to improve worker productivity.
Median pay
$193,950
Source: Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3032
Growth
6.5%
Source: Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3032
Verified career
Study human society and social behavior by examining the groups and social institutions that people form, as well as various social, religious, political, and business organizations. May study the behavior and interaction of groups, trace their origin and growth, and analyze the influence of group activities on individual members.
Median pay
$106,030
Source: Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3041
Growth
3.8%
Source: Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3041
Verified career
Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to address economic problems related to the production and distribution of goods and services or monetary and fiscal policy. May collect and process economic and statistical data using sampling techniques and econometric methods.
Median pay
$124,720
Source: Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
Release: May 2025 · Reference/year: 2025 · Occupation code: 19-3011
Growth
4.7%
Source: Employment Projections
Release: 2025-2035 · Reference/year: 2025-2035 · Occupation code: 19-3011